​托福听力推论题答题技巧分享！

在托福听力考试中，很多同学头疼的题型非推论题莫属。下面小编给大家分享一下托福听力推论题答题技巧，希望能帮助大家做好托福听力推论题。

推论题，又被称为make an inference, 在2021年新出版的托福官方指南听力部分中对这一题型的解释是：To comprehend an argument or an idea that is strongly suggested but not explicitly stated in a passage（理解一个强烈暗示但没有在文中明确陈述的观点或概念）。

简单说就是我们要基于原文出现过的事实信息来得出一个结论。很多同学在这个题目上的错误点通常是脑洞大开，加入了一些自己想象的信息。大家不要忘记托福是一个语言能力测试，任何题目都是在语言范畴对大家进行考察。

根据官方指南，推论题这一题型被归纳在Connecting and synthesizing information（连接与合成信息）这一大类中，很多时候我们无法通过一句话来进行判断，需要至少听两句以上。

托福听力推论题答题技巧分享！

推论题的典型问法有以下几种：

What can be inferred about …… ?

What does the professor imply about…… ?

What will the student probably do next…… ?

推论题的考查面有很多，但核心都是抓住关键信息词或词组，我们可以分两步走找到答案。

步骤1: 找到详细描述后的总结性句子

步骤2: 在总结句中找动词／动词词组，再进行同义替换，与选项表达进行对比，选出答案。

例1:What does the professor imply about overfishing? （TPO52L2Q5）

A: It is one of several reasons that the bear population had declined.

B: It is difficult to prevent in both oceans and streams

C: It can not be the sole focus for those working to prevent salmon depletion.

D: Its impacts is minor compared to the problems caused by logging.

听力原文：Ok, so, why’s all these important？Well, salmon are in trouble. Some of their populations have gone extinct. And most of the remaining populations have been significantly reduced by overfishing and environmental challenges. Now, conservationists can try to prevent overfishing but, well, I mean you can see the interconnections within this ecosystem. We’ve already talked about the importance of trees to salmon and the negative effect that something like logging can have. So you can see that protecting this ecosystem is going to take a broad effect.

分析

在段落开头有一个疑问句 Why’s all these important？此处预判将有考点出现。接下来针对salmon are in trouble进行了一系列细节表达，这部分大家听懂大概意思就可以。接着教授提到虽然过度捕鱼是导致salmon陷入危机的原因之一，但整个生态系统存在相互关联。到了最后一句，表示阶段性总结的句子出现了：So you can see that protecting this ecosystem is going to take a broad effect.由此可以得出，保护生态系统将会需要付出广泛的努力，也就是说不仅局限于某个方面。C选项It can not be the sole focus for those working to prevent salmon depletion.就是对这一总结句的同义替换。

详细描述后再进行总结这一情况在讲座中十分普遍，我们再来看一个例子：

例2: What does the professor imply about smalt as a substitute for lapis lazuli?（TPO46L4Q3）

A. It eventually became as expensive as lapis lazuli.

B. It was used frequently throughout the nineteenth century.

C. It was not of an acceptable quality for many artists.

D. It was seen as a better substitute for lapis lazuli than azurite was.

听力原文：But azurite was, well, harder to work with. There is evidence that artists would try to get around these difficulties—for example, use pigment from lapis lazuli or azurite very sparingly and also use something cheaper, like smalt, which was made of ground glass. Thing is, smalt became discolored over time. So, many artists probably just avoided blues altogether, rather than use something cheap and impermanent.

分析

首先注意转折词But，预判考点即将出现。教授提到艺术家会使用少量的lapis lazuli （天青石）或azurite（蓝铜矿）混合便宜的颜料，比如smalt（一种深蓝色粉末颜料）。但 smalt 的问题是会慢慢褪色。接着总结句出现：So, many artists probably just avoided blues altogether, rather than use something cheap and impermanent. 经过同义替换，我们可以得出正确答案是C, smalt存在质量问题。

关于推论题的答题技巧我们来做一个总结：

1. 至少听两句以上。有时甚至需要把两句不相邻的句子联系起来才能加以判断。

2. 抓住关键句。在细节信息描述后，会有总结性句子出现，对前文信息进行归纳。

3. 避免望文生义自行脑补不存在的信息。推论题答案一般是对于相应信息的同义替换。